Leon Trotsky was fatally wounded with an ice axe by Spanish communist Ramón Mercader.
21st June 1919: The German High Seas naval fleet is scuttled at Scapa Flow
21st June 2019
Leon Trotsky was fatally wounded with an ice axe by Spanish communist Ramón Mercader.
By the end of 1940 Hitler had authorised the invasion of the USSR, with the intention of securing agricultural land and raw materials, alongside the eradication of communism.
Khrushchev had already been elected First Secretary of the Communist Party, and his later rise to Chairman of the Council of Ministers placed both the party leadership and the government administration under his direct control.
The conference saw Allied leaders United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin meet to discuss the government of post-war Europe.
Like many underground revolutionaries, Joseph Dzhugashvili made frequent use of pseudonyms to evade police surveillance, and first used the alias “K. Stalin” as the signature to a letter in the Social Democrat.
In 1922 the USSR consisted of just four Soviet republics – the Russian SFSR, Ukrainian SSR, Byelorussian SSR and Transcaucasian SFSR.
The Soviet dekulakisation campaign began when Joseph Stalin announced the ‘liquidation of the kulaks as a class’.
The authorities claimed that the murder was part of a broader conspiracy involving former oppositionists,, and used it as a catalyst for the purges that began in 1935 and escalated into mass arrests, show trials, and executions.
Under Yezhov’s leadership the NKVD launched a campaign of arrests targeting party members, military officers, and civilians that saw widespread purges, forced confessions, and executions. Estimates of those killed range into the hundreds of thousands.
Although the targets were constantly revised to the point where they could never be achieved, the first five-year plan firmly set the USSR on the road to becoming a world superpower.
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