12th June 1942: Anne Frank receives her famous diary as a thirteenth birthday present from her father

Over three volumes Anne Frank recorded the relationships between the Frank family, the Van Pels family, and her father’s friend Fritz Pfeffer with whom they shared a confined hiding place in the ‘Secret Annexe’ above her father’s warehouse building.

21st October 1096: Battle of Civetot destroys the People’s Crusade at the start of the First Crusade

The poorly equipped forces of the People’s Crusade, who lacked cohesive leadership, were quickly overwhelmed by the experienced Seljuk cavalry with the battle turning into a massacre where tens of thousands of crusaders were killed.

20th January 1942: Senior Nazis meet at the Wannsee Conference to discuss what was referred to as the “Final Solution to the Jewish Question”

SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich called the meeting in the Berlin suburb, in which he outlined the deportation of European Jews to extermination camps in Poland where they would be systematically murdered.