Einstein, who was Jewish, was undertaking a visiting professorship at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena when Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor on 30 January 1933.
Boris III became Tsar of Bulgaria at the end of the First World War, just four days after his father, Ferdinand I, signed the Armistice of Thessalonica with the Allied Powers.
On September 12th 1919, Adolf Hitler officially joined the German Workers’ Party (DAP).
The Nazi German Luftwaffe launched the first of 57 consecutive days and nights of bombing raids on London in what became known as the Blitz.
The Vichy government was established in France after the National Assembly approved a new French Constitutional Law that granted full powers to Marshal Pétain.
On the afternoon of 26th April 1937, the Basque town of Guernica experienced what is seen by many as the first large-scale modern air raid against a civilian population.
The Nazi Party founded a paramilitary organisation that became the Schutzstaffel, better known as the SS.
On the 1st April 1924, Adolf Hitler was found guilty of treason for his role in the Beer Hall Putsch and sentenced to five years in jail.
On the 27th February 1933, the Reichstag building in Berlin was set on fire in an arson attack.
On the 22nd February 1943, the first three members of the White Rose resistance group were put on trial and executed by guillotine in Germany.
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