La Marseillaise was composed by a French army officer and was originally called the ‘War Song for the Army of the Rhine’ with the aim of rallying soldiers fighting in Strasbourg during the French Revolutionary Wars.

The Brunswick Manifesto declared that, rather than conquering France, the invading armies sought to restore lawful authority in the country and warned that any attack on the royal family would bring “exemplary and ever memorable vengeance”, threatening the city of Paris with destruction if its inhabitants resisted the advancing armies or continued to detain the king.

Royal troops entered Grenoble to dissolve the parlement and remove magistrates from the city. Crowds of townspeople gathered in response, and protesters climbed onto rooftops from where they threw roof tiles at the troops below.